Forest Pests: Insects, Diseases & Other Damage Agents

Glossary

Solomon, J.D.; Leininger, T.D.; Wilson, A.D.; Anderson, R.L.; Thompson, L.C.; McCracken, F.I. 1993. Ash pests: A guide to major insects, diseases, air pollution injury and chemical injury. Gen. Tech. Rep. SO-96. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. 45 p.

Acervulus(-i) - a saucer-shaped fungal structure embedded in host tissue in which conidia form.

Aeciospore - a type of spore formed in an aecium of a rust fungus.

Aecium(-ia) - a cuplike, fruiting body produced by rust fungi.

Ascocarp - the sexual, fruiting body of Ascomycetes.

Ascospore - the sexual spore of Ascomycetes.

Basidiocarp - the sexual, fruiting body of Basidomycetes.

Basisiospore - the sexual spore fo Basidiomycetes.

Bole - the main stem or trunk of a tree.

Butt - the lower bole of the main stem.

Callus - a protective tissue that forms to cover wounds on stems or branches.

Cambium - a thin layer of cells between the phloem and xylem.

Canker - a definite, localized, necrotic lesion of the bark and cambium.

Conidium(-ia) - an sexual, fungal spore.

Conisiophore - a funal structure bearing asexual spores.

Conk - a basidiocarp of wood decay fungi.

Crochet - a tiny hook on the prolegs of caterpillars.

Damping-off - a necrotic disease of seedlings that causes rotting of the hypocotyls and prevents emergence of the new shoot or causes the new shoot to fall over.

Dieback - the gradual dying of a tree crown usually from the top down and from the outside in.

Elytra - the hard forewings (wing covers) of beetles.

Frass - wood fragments mixed with borer excrement.

Gallery - a long passage chewed in the bark, cambium, or wood.

Hypha(-e) - a single filament of the fungus mycelium.

Infection court - the point where a pathogen enters its host.

Inoculum(-a) - the spore, mycelium, or other propagule of a pathogen that intitally infects a host. Maggot - a legless larva of various flies.

Mycelium(-ia) - a collection of hyphae that make up a fungus body.

Necrotic - composed of dead cells.

Pathological rotation - the harvesting of trees before the age at which the rate of wood volume loss due to decay fungi exceeds the annual production of new wood.

Perennial canker - a canker that expands indefinitely.

Perithecium(-ia) - a flask-shaped ascocarp in which ascospores are formed.

Phloem - the food-conducting vascular tissue under the bark of trees.

Pronotum - the upper surface of the prothorax.

Pseudothecium(-ia) - the flask-shaped ascocarp similar to a perithecium but without a definite fungal wall.

Rhizomorph - a compact mass of vegetative hyphae that have fused together to fore a thick, usually dark, rootlike strand.

Sapwood - the outer, water-conducting wood (xylem) of the tree stem.

Sclerotium(-ia) - a firm, often rounded, compact mass of fungal hyphae that form a resistant survival structure.

Spermatium(-ia) - a nonmotile, uninucleate spore (gamete) required for sexual reproduction in some fungi.

Spermogonium(-ia) - a fungal structure in which spermatia are produced.

Sporodochium(-ia) - a cushion-shaped stroma covered with conidiophores.

Stroma(-mata) - a mass or mat of hyphae in or on which fruiting bodies form.

Teliospore - the spore of a rust fungus from which basidia and basidiospores form.

Telium(-ia) - a fruiting structure producing teliospores of rust fungi.

Urediniospore - the spore of a rust fungus, formed in a uredinium, that can repeatedly infect its host.

Uredinium(-ia) - a fruiting structure of a rust fungus that gives rise to urediniospores.

Witches' broom - an abnormal growth of branches forming a broomlike cluster.

[ Contents ]     [ Previous ]     [ Home ]