Forest Pests: Insects, Diseases & Other Damage Agents

Helpful Literature

Maier, C.T., C.R. Lemmon, J.M. Fengler, D.F. Schweitzer, and R.C. Reardon. 2004. Caterpillars on the Foliage of Conifers in the Northeastern United States. FHTET-2004-1. Morgantown, WV: USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team; 151 p.

Bolte, K.B. 1990. Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera). VI. Subfamily Larentiinae. 1. Revision of the genus Eupithecia. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada No. 151; 253 p.

Carter, D.J. and B. Hargreaves. 1986. A field guide to the caterpillars of butterflies and moths in Britain and Europe. London, England: William Collins, Sons, and Company Limited; 296 p.

Chapman, P.J. and S.E. Lienk. 1971. Tortricid fauna of apple in New York. Geneva, NY: New York State Agricultural Experiment Station; 122 p.

Covell, C.V., Jr. 1984. A field guide to the moths of eastern North America. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company; 496 p.

Crumb, S.E. 1956. The larvae of the Phalaenidae. Technical Bulletin No. 1135. Washington, DC: USDA; 356 p., 11 plates.

Drooz, A.T., editor. 1989. Insects of eastern forests. Publication 1426. Washington, DC: USDA Forest Service; 608 p.

Ferguson, D.C. 1971-2. Bombycoidea, Saturniidae (part). The moths of America north of Mexico. Fascicles 20.2A and 20.2B. London, England: E.W. Classey Limited and R.B.D. Publications Inc.; 275 p., 22 plates.

Ferguson, D.C. 1974. Moths of the Semiothisa signaria complex (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). The Canadian Entomologist 106: 569-621.

Ferguson, D.C. 1978. Noctuoidea, Lymantriidae. The moths of America north of Mexico, including Greenland. Fascicle 22.2. London, England: E.W. Classey Limited and The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation; 110 p., 9 plates.

Forbes, W.T.M. 1923. The Lepidoptera of New York and neighboring states. Primitive forms. Microlepidoptera, pyraloids, bombyces. Memoir 68. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station; 729 p.

Forbes, W.T.M. 1948. The Lepidoptera of New York and neighboring states. Part II. Geometridae, Sphingidae, Notodontidae, Lymantriidae. Memoir 274. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station; 263 p.

Forbes, W.T.M. 1954. The Lepidoptera of New York and neighboring states. Part III. Noctuidae. Memoir 329. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station; 433 p.

Forbes, W.T.M. 1960. The Lepidoptera of New York and neighboring states. Part IV. Agaristidae through Nymphalidae, including butterflies. Memoir 371. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station; 188 p.

Franclemont, J.G. 1973. Mimallonoidea, Mimallonidae and Bombycoidea, Apatelodidae, Bombycidae, Lasiocampidae. The moths of America north of Mexico, including Greenland. Fascicle 20.1. London, England: E.W. Classey Limited and R.B.D. Publications Inc.; 86 p., 11 color plates.

Freeman, T.N. 1960. Needle-mining Lepidoptera of pine in North America. The Canadian Entomologist, Supplement 16; 51 p.

Freeman, T.N. 1967. Annotated keys to some Nearctic leaf-mining Lepidoptera on conifers. The Canadian Entomologist 99: 419-435.

Freeman, T.N. 1972. The coniferous feeding species of Argyresthia in Canada (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). The Canadian Entomologist 104: 687-697 (including 1 plate).

Handfield, L. 1999. Le guide des papillons du Québec. Volume 1. Ottawa, ON: Broquet Incorporated; 982 p., 1 map, 123 plates.

Hodges, R.W. 1971. Sphingoidea, hawkmoths. The moths of America north of Mexico, including Greenland. Fascicle 21. London, England: E.W. Classey Limited and R.B.D. Publications Inc.; 158 p., 14 color plates.

Hodges, R.W., T. Dominick, D.R. Davis, D.C. Ferguson, J.G. Franclemont, E.G. Monroe, and J.A. Powell, editors. 1983. Check list of the Lepidoptera of America north of Mexico, including Greenland. London, England: E.W. Classey Limited and The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation; 284 p.

Ives, W.G.H. and H.R. Wong. 1988. Tree and shrub insects of the Prairie Provinces. Information Report NOR-X-292. Edmonton, AB: Canadian Forestry Service, Northern Forest Centre; 327 p.

Johnson, W.T. and W.H. Lyon. 1991. Insects that feed on trees and shrubs. Second edition, revised. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press; 560 p.

Kristensen, N.P., editor. 1999. Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies. Volume 1. Evolution, systematics, and biogeography. Volume IV. Arthropoda: Insecta. Part 35. Handbook of Zoology. Berlin, Germany: Walter de Gruyter; 491 p.

Lafontaine, J.D. 1998. Noctuoidea, Noctuidae (part), Noctuinae (part-Noctuini). The moths of America north of Mexico, including Greenland. Fascicle 27.3. Washington, DC: The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation; 348 p.

Lafontaine, J.D. and R.W. Poole. 1991. Noctuoidea, Noctuidae (part), Plusiinae. The moths of America north of Mexico, including Greenland. Fascicle 25.1. Washington, DC: The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation; 182 p.

MacKay, M.R. 1962. Larvae of North American Tortricinae (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The Canadian Entomologist, Supplement 28; 182 p.

McCabe, T. 1991 [1990]. Atlas of Adirondack caterpillars. Museum Bulletin 470. Albany, NY: State Education Department/New York State Museum; 114 p.

McGuffin, W.C. 1958. Larvae of the Nearctic Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). The Canadian Entomologist, Supplement 8; 104 p.

McGuffin, W.C. 1967. Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera). I. Subfamily Sterrhinae. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada No. 50; 67 p.

McGuffin, W.C. 1972. Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera). II. Subfamily Ennominae. 1. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada No. 86; 159 p.

McGuffin, W.C. 1977. Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera). II. Subfamily Ennominae. 2. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada No. 101; 191 p.

McGuffin, W.C. 1981. Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera). II. Subfamily Ennominae. 3. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada No. 117; 153 p.

McGuffin, W.C. 1987. Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera). II. Subfamily Ennominae. 4. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada No. 138; 182 p.

McGuffin, W.C. 1988. Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera). III, IV, and V. Subfamilies Archiearinae, Oenochrominae, and Geometrinae. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada No. 145; 56 p.

McGugan, B.M., compiler. 1958. Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Volume 1. Papilionidae to Arctiidae. Publication 1034. Ottawa, ON: Forest Biology Division, Canada Department of Agriculture; 76 p.

Miller, J.C. 1995. Caterpillars of the Pacific Northwest forests and woodlands. Technology Transfer Bulletin FHM-NC-06-95. Morgantown, WV: USDA Forest Service, National Center of Forest Health Management; 80 p.

Poole, R.W. 1995. Noctuoidea, Noctuidae (part), Cuculliinae, Stiriinae, Psaphidinae (part). The moths of America north of Mexico, including Greenland. Fascicle 26.1. Washington, DC: The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation; 249 p.

Porter, J. 1997. The colour identification guide to caterpillars of the British Isles. London, England: Viking Press; 275 p.

Prentice, R.M., compiler. 1962. Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Volume 2. Nycteolidae, Noctuidae, Notodontidae, Liparidae. Bulletin 128. Ottawa, ON: Forest Entomology and Pathology Branch, Canada Department of Forestry; p. 77-281.

Prentice, R.M., compiler. 1963. Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Volume 3. Lasiocampidae, Thyatiridae, Drepanidae, Geometridae. Publication 1013. Ottawa, ON: Forest Entomology and Pathology Branch, Canada Department of Forestry; p. 282-543.

Prentice, R.M., compiler. 1966 [1965]. Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Volume 4. Microlepidoptera. Publication 1142. Ottawa, ON: Department of Forestry of Canada; p. 544-840.

Rings, R.W., E.H. Metzler, F.J. Arnold, and D.H. Harris. 1992. The owlet moths of Ohio order Lepidoptera family Noctuidae. Ohio Biological Survey Bulletin (New Series) 9(2); 219 p.

Rose, A.H. and O.H. Lindquist (revised by P. Syme). 1994. Insects of eastern spruces, fir and hemlock. Revised edition. Ottawa, ON: Science and Sustainable Development Directorate, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada; 159 p.

Rose, A.H., O.H. Lindquist, and K.L. Nystrom. 1999. Insects of eastern pines. Revised edition. Publication 1313. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Forestry Service, Natural Resources Canada; 128 p.

Rose, A.H., O.H. Lindquist, and K.L. Nystrom. 2000. Insects of eastern larch, cedar and juniper. Revised edition. Forestry Technical Report 28. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Forestry Service, Natural Resources Canada; 100 p.

Scoble, M.J. 1992. The Lepidoptera: form, function and diversity. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 404 p.

Stehr, F.W., editor. 1987. Immature insects. Volume 1. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Publishers; 754 p.

Tietz, H.M. 1972. An index to the described life histories, early stages and hosts of the Macrolepidoptera of the continental United States and Canada. Sarasota, FL: Allyn Museum of Entomology; 1041 p. (Some records of food plants are suspect.)

Tuskes, P.M., J.P. Tuttle, and M.M. Collins. 1996. The wild silk moths of North America. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press; 250 p.

Wagner, D.L., D.C. Ferguson, T.L. McCabe, and R.C. Reardon. 2001. Geometroid caterpillars of northeastern and Appalachian forests. Technology Transfer Bulletin FHTET-2001-10. Morgantown, WV: USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team; 239 p.

Wagner, D.L., V. Giles, R.C. Reardon, and M.L. McManus. 1997. Caterpillars of eastern forests. Technology Transfer Bulletin FHTET-96-34. Morgantown, WV: USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team; 113 p.

Wagner, D.L., J.J. Henry, J.W. Peacock, M.L. McManus, and R.C. Reardon. 1995. Common caterpillars of eastern deciduous forests. Technology Transfer Bulletin FHM-NC-04-95. Morgantown, WV: USDA Forest Service, National Center of Forest Health Management; 31 p.

Winter, W.D., Jr. 2000. Basic techniques for observing and studying moths and butterflies. Memoirs of the Lepidopterists' Society No. 5. Los Angeles, CA: Natural History Museum; 444 p.

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