Csóka, György and Kovács, Tibor (1999): Xilofág rovarok - Xylophagous insects. Hungarian Forest Research Institute. Erdészeti Turományos Intézet, Agroinform Kiadó, Budapest, 189 pp.
Mn: Fuzrontó gubacsszúnyog / En: Willow shot-hole midge
Ca. 2 mm. Univoltine. Foodplants are Salix species. Adults emerge in late March and early April, leaving behind their pupal cases protruding from the bark. The females oviposit on smooth-barked stems and branches. The hatching larvae bore under the bark. Due to the injury of the cambium cell proliferation begins and the branch will become thicker. Several generations may develop in the same part of the stem or branch until the branch eventually dies. The dying branch sheds its bark. Widespread in Europe and also common in Hungary.
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