Csóka, György and Kovács, Tibor (1999): Xilofág rovarok - Xylophagous insects. Hungarian Forest Research Institute. Erdészeti Turományos Intézet, Agroinform Kiadó, Budapest, 189 pp. Mn: Fekete buzogányos / En: 20-28 mm. Adults fly from April to August. Larvae feed on the foliage of birch. The adults chew the bark of young branches to reach the xylem. The shape of this damage is either ring-like or spiral. This characteristic damage is mainly seen on Betula, Populus and Salix. Occurs throughout Europe. In Hungary found in more humid forests.
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